In Vivo Effects of Sericin: A Comprehensive Review
Sericin, a protein derived from silkworm cocoons, has garnered significant attention in biomedical research due to its unique properties. This blog post delves into the in vivo effects of sericin, presenting both positive and negative findings from various studies.
Wound Healing and Skin Health
Positive Effects:
Sericin has shown promising results in wound healing and skin health. A study by Aramwit and Sangcakul (2007) demonstrated that an 8% sericin cream significantly improved wound healing in rats. The treated wounds showed complete healing, no ulceration, and increased collagen production compared to the control group. Another study found that sericin increased skin hydration in renal patients with dry and itchy skin. The sericin-treated areas showed significantly higher skin hydration levels compared to areas treated with a cream base[1].
Recent studies have further confirmed these findings. For instance, sericin-based hydrogels have been shown to enhance wound healing by promoting cell proliferation and collagen synthesis[2]. Additionally, the combination of sericin with other bioactive compounds, such as melatonin, has been found to improve the efficacy of wound healing patches[3].
Negative Effects:
While rare, some studies have reported potential negative effects. A study on renal patients using an 8% sericin cream observed skin depigmentation on the treated areas. This effect is attributed to sericin’s ability to inhibit tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme for melanin production[4].
Debunking Concerns:
It’s important to note that the skin depigmentation effect was observed at a much higher concentration (8%) than typically used in cosmetic formulations. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) panel noted that given the low use concentration of sericin in cosmetics (0.00047%), hypopigmentation would not be a concern[5].
Antitumor Effects
Positive Effects:
Sericin has demonstrated promising antitumor properties in vivo. A study by Zhaorigetu et al. (2003) found that topical application of sericin (5 mg) significantly reduced UVB-induced tumor promotion in mice. The sericin-treated group showed a 94% reduction in tumor incidence compared to the control group[6].
Recent research has also highlighted sericin’s potential in cancer treatment. For example, sericin/propolis nanoparticles have shown significant anticancer activity against colorectal cancer by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway[7]. Another study demonstrated that sericin induces apoptosis in HCT116 colon cancer cells through the death receptor pathway[8].
Negative Effects:
No significant negative effects related to sericin’s antitumor properties have been reported in vivo. However, some in vitro studies have shown that sericin can induce apoptosis in certain cell types, which could potentially affect healthy cells[9].
Debunking Concerns:
The apoptotic effects observed in vitro have not been replicated in vivo at normal physiological concentrations. The selective nature of sericin’s effects on tumor cells versus normal cells needs further investigation[10].
Immunological Response
Positive Effects:
Sericin has shown anti-inflammatory properties in vivo. A study by Aramwit et al. (2013) demonstrated that sericin suppressed inflammation in rats, similar to the effect of indomethacin, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug[11]. Additionally, sericin has been found to modulate immune responses, which can be beneficial in treating conditions like psoriasis[12].
Negative Effects:
Some studies have reported potential allergenic properties of silk proteins, including sericin. A study involving 871 children in China found an association between sensitization to silk and asthma incidence[13].
Debunking Concerns:
The CIR panel noted that the reported results are not sufficient to demonstrate a cause-and-effect relationship between silk exposure and asthma. Alternative explanations for the association are plausible. Moreover, purified sericin has shown low immunogenicity in multiple studies.
Conclusion
The in vivo effects of sericin are predominantly positive, with significant benefits in wound healing, skin health, and potential antitumor properties. While some concerns exist regarding skin depigmentation and potential allergenicity, these effects are typically observed at concentrations far higher than those used in cosmetic or biomedical applications.
At Serione, we are committed to producing high-quality sericin that is safe and effective for use in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and agritech. To avoid any potential negative effects associated with sericin, we adhere to the following best practices:
1. Advanced Extraction Methods
At Serione, we utilize advanced, gentle extraction techniques such as enzymatic and hot water extraction. These methods preserve the functional properties of sericin while avoiding the use of harsh chemicals like urea or sodium carbonate, which can denature the protein structure. This ensures that our sericin remains effective and safe for various applications.
2. Stringent Purity Standards
We implement rigorous purification processes to eliminate contaminants and impurities from our sericin. Techniques like ultrafiltration and chromatography are employed to achieve high-purity sericin. By maintaining stringent purity standards, we ensure that our sericin is free from harmful substances that could cause adverse effects.
3. Consistent Molecular Weight Control
We carefully control the molecular weight of our sericin to ensure consistency and safety. By producing lower molecular weight sericin (< 20 kDa), we enhance its biocompatibility and reduce the potential for adverse effects. This consistency is achieved through precise monitoring and control of our extraction and purification processes.
4. Strict Quality Control and Documentation
Serione maintains strict quality control measures throughout the entire manufacturing process. We ensure proper storage conditions to prevent degradation and use food-grade or pharmaceutical-grade equipment and facilities. Detailed records of our processes and a robust traceability system allow us to track each batch from raw material to final product, ensuring transparency and accountability.
As with any bioactive compound, the effects of sericin can vary based on concentration, method of application, and individual physiological factors. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms of sericin’s actions in vivo and to optimize its use in your application. You can buy our sample box to try the protein out for yourself . Send us an email on [email protected] to know more.
References :
[1] https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/9/4858
[2] https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/1/110
[3] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10453912/
[4] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10003638/
[5] https://academic.oup.com/jbcr/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/jbcr/irae062/7643169?login=false&redirectedFrom=fulltext
[6] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-52789-8
[7] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7388740/
[8] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9841286/
[9] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-52722-z
[10] https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/13/2941
[11] https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/14/6/723
[12] https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/22/4931
[13] https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/sericin
